Galvanize
To coat
iron or steel with zinc by electroplating or hot dipping to retard rusting.
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Gas flushing
The
replacement of air in a gas tight package with an inert gas such as nitrogen,
to minimize oxidation and extend product shelf life.
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Gas packing
Packaging
in a gas-tight container in which any air has been replaced by a gas that
contains practically no free oxygen, such as commercial carbon dioxide or
nitrogen. Gas packing finds its principal use for protecting foods and
pharmaceuticals that are subject to oxidative deterioration, and can be used
with many sorts of containers, both rigid and flexible.
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Gas transmission rate
A measurement of the time required for a volume of gas to pass through
a membrane (thin film) under standard conditions of temperature and pressure.
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Gasket
A
flexible liner material applied to the inside of a closure or between two
package components to make a tight seal. A rubber ring between the metal cap
and a glass jar.
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Gate
(1) A
device for guiding liquids emptied from the bung hole of a barrel.
(2) a restricted section of the runner at the
entry point of a plastic injection mould cavity, through which the plastic
material enters the closed cavity and core assembly of the mould.
(3) The
moulded material occupying the space in (2).
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Gauge
1
The unit of measurement of the thickness of
films and foils. Expressed in microns or mils. (1 mil = 25 microns; 100
gauge = 1 mil).
2. An instrument for measuring thickness or
length.
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Ghosting
After
printing
The appearance of unwanted images, usually only faintly
discernible, in areas of solid printed ink coverage.
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Glass
container
A vessel
of whatever shape or size made from glass. See also: Bottle.
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Glass fibre
Thin
strands of glass which are woven into fabrics or moulded into thermoset
plastic resins to enhance their strength.
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Glassine
A
supercalendered smooth, dense and translucent paper (20-40g/m2) highly
resistant to grease and, when waxed or laminated, an excellent water vapour
(moisture) barrier.
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Glazed paper
Paper
which has been coated to provide a hard, bright finish. Coatings may include
clay, calcium carbonate, varnish or lacquer.
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Gloss
(1) A
term used to express the shine, sheen or lustre of the dried film. If a
surface clearly and plainly reflects an image of light, it has a high gloss.
(2) Absence-of-bloom gloss indicates
freedom from haziness bordering a highlight.
(3) (adjective) The degree to
which the reflectance of a surface approaches that of a perfect mirror, as
opposed to a d ull or matte finish.
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Glue
An
adhesive usually based on gelatin extracted from animal wastes. Often a
general term for any adhesive.
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Gob
The
controIled mass or globule of molten glass fed into the mould by a feeder in
the manufacture of glass containers.
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Grain direction
The direction
parallel to the grain in a paper or board. When paper pulp is fed
through a paper machine, the fibres tend to settle iu a direction parallel to the motion of the machine. This grain direction, also known as machine direction, of paper and
paperboard is an important strength consideration in container design. There
is greater tearing strength across the grain (in the cross direction) than
with it; whereas there is greater tensile strength in the grain direction.
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Graphics
The
design and decoration of the surfaces of a package. The use of the
photographic and printing techniques for label and package decorating.
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Gravity filling
Relying
on the force of gravity to fill a package without enforcing means.
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Gravure
A
printing process in which the design is etched into the surface of a metal
cylinder. (Intaglio).
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Greaseproof paper
Translucent
paper (40-60 g/m2) with low porosity. Made by a similar process to
that used for Glassine, without supercalendering.
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Green Dot (Grüner Punkt)
Recycling
symbol on packaging initiated by the Dual System Deutschland (DSD) recycling
organization in Germany and used in many other countries. It implies that the
fees for recycling have been paid. Used now by several european countries
having implemented similar systems in order to met the requirement of the
european directive on packaging waste.
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Grey balance chart
Chart
comparing lightness darkness of print against
varying tones of grey.
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Guillotine
A cutting
machine in which a knife edge is caused to descend vertically. Usually used
to cut relatively high stacks of paper or other sheet materials.
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Gum
Any of a
class of substance exuded by or
prepared from plants or animal hides or bones, sticky when moist;
composed of complex carbohydrates and
organic acids, which are soluble or swell in water.
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Gummed paper
Paper
products — labels and tape for packaging applications — coated with a
water-soluble or solvent activated adhesive.
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Gunny sack
Bags from
India and other parts of Asia made from jute. Name derives from the Indian
(Hindi) word, “gunny”, meaning sack.
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Gusset
The
bellows fold or tuck in the side or bottom of a bag or sack.
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